Basements, as underground structures, present unique considerations within the framework of Vastu Shastra. Traditionally, the concept of a basement, or a floor below the main ground level, was not integral to residential architecture. Historical applications often involved specific, non-residential uses such as crypts in temples, forts, or palaces, or spaces dedicated to meditation and Samadhi. In these contexts, the subterranean environment was utilized for geothermal energy or specific spiritual practices. However, modern necessities, including the scarcity of space and rising property costs, have made basements a common feature in contemporary homes. This shift requires a careful balance between practical utility and adherence to ancient architectural wisdom.
According to Vastu Shastra, having a hollow space or vacant area beneath the main residence is generally considered inauspicious. It is believed to create an imbalance in the energy levels of the house and can negatively impact the well-being of the occupants if not planned correctly. The primary concern is that residents are essentially living or sleeping underground, which is said to cause stress, depression, and disturbed sleep. Despite these inherent challenges, the need for additional space often necessitates the construction of basements. Therefore, specific guidelines have been established to mitigate potential negative energies and align these spaces with Vastu principles as much as possible.
Ideal Placement and Construction Guidelines
The placement of a basement is a critical factor in determining its impact on the household. While Vastu Shastra generally does not recommend building basements in residential plots, if one is required, the preferred directions are East, North, or North-East. These directions are considered to have more open space and allow for better energy flow. Building a basement in the North-East corner is particularly discouraged as this zone is sacred and known as the "Ishanya" corner, vital for positive energy and prosperity. Digging here can lead to significant energy loss and imbalance.
Conversely, a basement in the South-West direction is considered highly unfavorable. If a basement exists in this zone, it should strictly be used for storage purposes only, and even then, with caution. Some sources suggest that commercial activities like a bar or casino might be permissible in a South-West basement, but for residential harmony, it is best avoided. For residential properties, the basement should ideally be constructed in the Northern or Eastern part of the house to maintain the principle that there should be more open space in these directions compared to the South and West.
The construction details also play a vital role. The floor of the basement should ideally slope down towards the North-East to facilitate the flow of positive energy. The height of the basement walls is also important; they should be at least 9 feet high to avoid a claustrophobic and energy-depleted atmosphere. The shape of the basement should be regular, preferably square or rectangle, to ensure uniform energy distribution.
Recommended Usage and Activities
The purpose for which a basement is utilized is paramount in Vastu. It is strongly advised against using a basement for living or sleeping purposes. The lack of direct sunlight and natural ventilation makes it unsuitable for human habitation according to Vastu principles. Sleeping underground is believed to be detrimental to health and mental peace.
Basements are best suited for storage. However, even for storage, there are specific guidelines regarding the placement of items. Lighter items should be stored in the North and East zones of the basement, while heavier equipment and junk should be placed in the South and West directions. This helps in maintaining the balance of energies, as the South and West are associated with weight and stability.
Using a basement for a home office is generally not recommended, as it may lead to slow progress and frequent challenges in professional endeavors. However, if there is no other option, the office space must be exceptionally well-lit and ventilated. It is beneficial to use high-quality lighting that mimics sunlight (such as 5000K light bulbs) to compensate for the lack of natural light. If the basement receives direct sunlight between 7 am and 10 am, it may be considered for business purposes. In such cases, using a slanting mirror to reflect sunlight into the space can also be a helpful corrective measure.
For spiritual practices, the situation is nuanced. While historical use of basements for meditation exists, modern Vastu generally advises against placing a Pooja room (prayer room) in the basement unless it is the only viable option in the entire house. If a Pooja room must be placed in a basement, it requires careful consultation with an experienced Vastu expert.
Remedial Measures and Corrections
For existing basements that do not conform to ideal Vastu principles, several corrective measures can be implemented to minimize defects and enhance positive energy. These remedies are designed to balance the elemental energies within the space.
- Lighting and Ventilation: Since basements are naturally dark, ample lighting is crucial. Using bright, warm lights can help dispel negativity. Ensuring proper air circulation through ventilation or air purifiers is also essential to keep the energy fresh.
- Color Therapy: The choice of colors for basement walls can influence the vibration of the space. Light shades such as white, cream, and pastel yellow are ideal as they reflect light and create a sense of spaciousness and positivity. Dark colors should be avoided. Specifically, the use of blue is discouraged in basements.
- Vastu Yantras and Pyramids: Installing Vastu Yantras or placing pyramids in the basement can help harmonize the energy field. These tools are believed to correct structural vastu defects and balance the five elements.
- Indoor Plants: Placing indoor plants in the basement can help purify the air and introduce life energy (Prana) into the space. Plants that thrive in low-light conditions are most suitable.
- Mirrors: As mentioned, slanting mirrors can be strategically placed to reflect sunlight into the basement, thereby increasing the flow of solar energy.
Placement of Utilities
Modern basements often house essential utilities like air conditioning units, water heaters, and furnaces. According to Vastu, all heat-producing equipment should ideally be placed in the South-East corner of the house. This principle applies to basements as well. Placing such equipment in the South-West or North-East corners is non-compliant with Vastu and can create imbalances. However, in many existing homes, correcting the placement of these utilities may not be cost-effective. For new constructions or major renovations, it is advisable to plan the location of these utilities in the South-East zone of the basement.
Vastu for Specific Basement Types
- South-West Basement: This is considered the most challenging placement. It should be used only for heavy storage. If used for a business, the only recommended activities are those associated with the bar or casino, which have specific energetic requirements.
- South-East Basement: This zone is associated with the fire element. If a business is operated from a South-East basement, activities related to hotels or restaurants may be suitable.
- North-East Basement: As stated earlier, a basement in this direction is highly inauspicious for residential buildings. If a basement exists here, it should not be used for storage. It requires specific and powerful remedies, which should be determined by a professional Vastu consultant.
- Borewell and Water Storage: The North-East corner is the ideal location for a borewell or any water storage arrangement within the basement, as this direction is governed by the water element.
Conclusion
While basements are often a practical necessity in modern architecture, they pose significant challenges from a Vastu Shastra perspective. The fundamental principle of avoiding hollow spaces beneath the living area remains a core guideline. However, when a basement is unavoidable, its impact can be significantly mitigated by following specific construction and usage guidelines. Prioritizing the North and East directions for its location, using it primarily for storage rather than living, ensuring ample light and ventilation, and applying appropriate colors and remedial measures are key strategies. By aligning the basement space with these ancient principles, homeowners can work towards creating a more balanced, harmonious, and positive living environment, even underground.